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08.05.2026 Labels, Packaging and PPWR

Labels, packaging and PPWR: why print is no longer just print?

In the past, ordering labels was fairly simple. The customer provided the dimensions, quantity, material and deadline. The print shop checked the file, prepared the print, die-cutting and winding.

Today, however, a label is no longer just a label. And packaging is no longer just a box.

Both are part of a broader packaging system, where appearance, colour and price are no longer the only important factors. Material, adhesive, printing technology, protective varnish, lamination, intended use and the documentation that accompanies each material or coating are just as important.

In practice, questions are appearing more and more often that almost nobody asked in a standard order just a few years ago: does the material have the appropriate declaration, does it contain intentionally added PFAS, is it suitable for packaging, how resistant is the print, is lamination required and who is ultimately responsible for the finished product?

At first glance, this may sound like bureaucracy. In reality, it is a very practical question: are the label and packaging correctly selected for the product on which they will be used?

At Demago Print, we produce roll labels and custom packaging. We print roll labels using HP Indigo digital technology, while for carton packaging and cut sheet print products we use HP Indigo 100K. But good print is only one part of the story. Material, adhesive, surface protection and correct use are just as important.

Material is the first decision

With labels and packaging, many orders start with appearance. What should the shape be? Which colours will be used? Should the surface be matt or glossy? All of this matters, but a quality product starts earlier – with the right choice of material.

A self-adhesive label is not just one piece of paper or film. It consists of a facestock, adhesive and release liner. In more demanding applications, printing ink, primer, UV varnish or lamination are added to this construction.

The material affects the appearance, ink adhesion, durability of the label, die-cutting possibilities, resistance to moisture, temperature, rubbing, grease, chemicals and also how the label behaves as part of the packaging.

Paper labels are often an excellent choice for dry use, food products, wine, cosmetics, gift packaging and products where a natural or classic look is desired. Synthetic materials such as PP, PE or PET are more suitable where higher resistance to moisture, tearing, cooling, transport or demanding conditions of use is required.

The same applies to carton packaging. Cut sheet packaging is not just printed board. Grammage, stiffness, fibre direction, surface treatment, folding, die-cutting, gluing and post-print protection are all important. The wrong material can cause problems with folding, cracking of the print, poor varnish adhesion or an unsuitable feel in the hand.

PFAS, PPWR and why a technical data sheet is not always enough

In packaging and labels, the abbreviation PPWR is appearing more and more often. It refers to the European Packaging and Packaging Waste Regulation, which introduces stricter rules regarding the composition, labelling, recyclability and responsibility of packaging.

One of the frequent topics is PFAS – a group of fluorinated compounds that, due to their persistence and possible impact on the environment and health, have become an important part of packaging legislation.

This is where misunderstandings often begin. A customer asks whether the material is “PFAS-free”. The supplier sends a technical data sheet. A technical data sheet usually explains how the material is used, what properties it has, which substrates it is suitable for and under which conditions it is processed. But it does not necessarily state whether the product contains intentionally added PFAS or whether it meets PPWR requirements.

This is why it is important to distinguish between a technical data sheet and a declaration of conformity. A technical data sheet describes the use of a product. A declaration of conformity deals with regulations, restricted substances, heavy metals, PFAS, REACH, migration and other requirements that are important for packaging.

For labels and packaging intended for food products, this is especially important. It is not enough to ask whether a certain material is of good quality. It is important to know whether it is suitable for the specific application, whether there is direct food contact, whether a functional barrier exists and what the complete construction of the finished product is.

Suppliers often state in their declarations that the information applies to their product in the condition in which it is supplied. Once the material is printed, varnished, laminated or combined with other materials, a new finished product is created. This is why conformity must always be assessed based on the complete construction.

Digital printing of labels and packaging

Digital printing is very useful for roll labels and carton packaging because it enables fast production, small and medium runs, multiple versions of the same product and high print quality without the traditional preparation of printing plates.

For roll labels, digital printing is suitable for product labels, declarations, cosmetic labels, labels for food, beverages, logistics and industrial use.

For carton packaging, HP Indigo 100K enables high-quality production of small and medium runs of packaging, folders, cards, catalogues, brochures and other cut sheet print products without the need for large print runs.

Digital printing is especially useful when the customer needs several different designs, a test series, fast production, personalisation, seasonal products, promotional series or limited editions.

However, even the best printing press cannot solve the wrong choice of material. If a label is intended for refrigeration, moisture, rubbing or cosmetic packaging, the material must be selected differently than for a standard paper label used in dry conditions. If packaging is intended for folding, die-cutting and gluing, the board must also be suitable for this type of processing.

UV varnish or lamination?

Once the label or packaging is printed, the job is not necessarily finished. For many products, the print needs additional protection because the surface will be exposed to rubbing, moisture, transport, handling, cooling, grease or other influences during use.

This is why UV varnish or lamination is often used. At first glance, this may look like an aesthetic decision: matt or gloss, smooth or more premium surface, stronger colours or a more subtle look. In reality, post-print protection is also a functional decision.

UV varnish can improve resistance to rubbing, increase gloss, protect the surface and give the product a more finished appearance. Lamination means an additional protective film over the print. It can be matt, glossy or special, for example soft-touch. As a rule, it provides better mechanical protection than varnish alone.

For labels, the decision between varnish and lamination is often made according to the intended use:

  • for dry indoor use, a suitable material alone is often enough,
  • for better resistance to rubbing, UV varnish is often suitable,
  • for cosmetics, beverages, moisture or more demanding handling, lamination is often the better choice,
  • for premium products, surface protection also affects the feel in the hand and the final appearance of the product.

The same applies to carton packaging. Varnish or lamination can improve appearance, protect the print, reduce the possibility of scratches and give the packaging a more professional impression.

However, not every varnish is suitable for every application. Some UV varnishes are excellent for high gloss and resistance, but are not suitable for food or other sensitive packaging. For secondary packaging, use may be permitted only if a suitable functional barrier exists, while sensitive products may require additional migration testing.

Recyclability and responsibility

When we talk about sustainable packaging, the question often arises whether a label is recyclable. The answer is not always simple, because a label is usually not a standalone material. Once it is applied to a bottle, jar, carton box or other packaging, it becomes part of the entire packaging system.

This is why recyclability cannot be assessed only at the level of the label. What matters is how the label behaves together with the packaging to which it is applied.

It is also important to understand that the final design-for-recycling requirements under PPWR have not yet been fully established. For this reason, existing standards and guidelines such as EN 13430, RecyClass and other systems for assessing the compatibility of materials with recycling streams are currently used when evaluating recyclability. The final assessment is always linked to the complete packaging, not only to the label as a separate material.

A paper label on carton packaging is a different story than a PP label on an HDPE bottle. A transparent label on a PET bottle has different requirements than a paper label on a glass jar. In some applications, it is important that the label remains on the packaging, while in others it is better for the label to be removed during washing or recycling.

The same applies to carton packaging. Varnish, foil, lamination, metallic effects and additional coatings can improve appearance and protection, but at the same time they affect the recycling process. This is why, already at the packaging design stage, it is important to know what matters most for the product: a premium look, additional protection, resistance, recyclability or a combination of all of these.

Responsibility for the finished product is therefore not based on a single document or one declaration. The material manufacturer knows their material. The varnish manufacturer knows their varnish. The ink manufacturer knows their ink. But when all of this is combined into a printed, varnished, laminated, die-cut and applied label or packaging, a new finished product is created.

The supplier of label material can provide technical documentation for the material they supply. The company placing the final packaging on the market must then assess the conformity of the complete packaging based on all available information.

That is why, in more demanding projects, the complete construction is always considered: material, adhesive, print, varnish, lamination, intended use and the packaging on which the product will be used.

What should be checked before ordering?

The best results with labels and packaging are achieved when the key information is known before the quotation is prepared. This makes it possible to choose the right material, suitable adhesive, appropriate protection and, if necessary, the correct documentation.

For more demanding products, it is useful to answer a few questions at the beginning:

  • What surface will the label be applied to?
  • Will the product be exposed to moisture, cooling, grease, alcohol or chemicals?
  • Is the label intended for manual or automatic labelling?
  • Does the label need to be resistant to rubbing?
  • Is it intended for food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, chemical or logistics use?
  • Is special documentation required for the material, adhesive, print or varnish?
  • Is the recyclability of the complete packaging important?

For carton packaging, the questions are similar. It is important to know what product will be packed inside, how heavy it is, whether the packaging will be folded, glued, additionally varnished or laminated, and what kind of feel it should give the customer in the hand.

The more important information we have at the beginning, the fewer corrections, uncertainties and additional questions there will be later.

Conclusion: a good label is a well-planned combination

A label may be small, but its role today is much greater than it may seem at first glance. It is no longer just a carrier of a logo, declaration or barcode. It is part of the packaging, part of the user experience and, increasingly, part of the product’s conformity documentation.

The same applies to carton packaging. A box is not just printed board, but a combination of material, print, protection, die-cutting, folding, gluing and intended use.

New rules such as PPWR do not mean that the customer must know every technical and legal detail. They do mean, however, that the selection of labels and packaging needs to be considered more broadly: which material is suitable, what protection is needed, whether there are requirements related to PFAS, heavy metals, recyclability or use with food products.

At Demago Print, we combine digital roll label printing, cut sheet packaging printing and experience with different materials and post-print protection. Our goal is not only to produce a beautiful label or packaging, but to help choose a solution that is suitable for the product, its use and the customer’s requirements.

Because in practice, it is not enough for a label to look good on the first day. A good label must remain good when it is applied, transported, held in the hand, placed on the shelf and used in real conditions.

Do you need labels or packaging with the right construction?

If you are preparing roll labels or carton packaging and are not sure which material, varnish or lamination is suitable for your product, send us an enquiry. Together we will check the intended use, recommend a suitable construction and, if necessary, help with technical documentation.

Take a look at our offer for roll labels or custom packaging.

If you need technical data sheets, manufacturer declarations or documentation related to PFAS / PPWR for your product, please let us know already when sending your enquiry. We check the documentation according to the specific material, varnish, lamination and intended use.